A challenging economy and an appetite for continuous improvement inspired engineering and construction firm BAM Ireland, an operational company of Royal BAM Group, to begin a technological transformation in pursuit of increased efficiency and performance.
Years later, BAM Ireland’s digital journey has culminated in the adoption of BIM (Building Information Modelling), AI in construction, and machine learning, the combination of which has turned the minutiae of construction data into tangible benefits for clients, workers, the environment, and — ultimately — the bottom line.
Finding better ways to build Ireland
Ireland abounds with architectural treasures, from majestic castles and handsome Georgian buildings to innovative, state-of-the-art office towers. But in a culture with such deep-rooted construction traditions, can today’s builders learn new ways of working?
BAM Ireland claims it is living proof that they can. The company was established in 1958 as Ascon Contractors and rebranded as BAM Contractors in 2008. The company was conceived from a Dutch-Irish joint venture that built Ireland’s Wexford Bridge, and today claims itself as the country’s largest civil engineering and public works contractor.
The company says it has a long history of evolving to serve new clients, industries, and project types — and using new technologies.
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BAM renovated and extended Cork Courthouse as part of a PPP project; the company will also provide facilities management for 25 years. Courtesy of Royal BAM Group.[/caption]
“In the past six years, we’ve moved heavily into the building sphere and accelerated our use of technology in a big way,” says digital construction operations manager Michael Murphy. “We’re all about doing things better, doing better things, and doing new things right now. That’s our mantra.”
An appetite for innovation
BAM Ireland began adopting technology in earnest in 2013. “Ireland was only beginning to emerge from quite a tough time then,” says Murphy.
“We were coming out of the back of a major recession, and margins on projects were incredibly tight; it was hard to win a job. We were carrying quite a bit of risk on our projects as well, so the organisation was actively looking for better ways to work and smarter ways to deliver buildings.”
In technology, the firm saw not only short-term benefits but also long-term possibilities. “Something that really sets us apart in our field is that we’re very into lifecycle,” he says.
“BAM often enters into public-private partnerships (PPPs), where we also manage the assets for up to 25 years,” assuming operation and maintenance responsibilities after building the public assets. “Because of that, we have a vested interest in using new technology to add value to our projects. That makes us a real hub of innovation.”
The problems with a paper-based workflow
The goals of minimising project risk and optimising construction guided BAM Ireland early in its digital journey. “‘De-risking’ projects by creating digital twins — where we can do dress rehearsals of buildings to simulate every possible scenario of how they’re going to behave and what it’s going to be like constructing them in a given location — makes an enormous amount of sense,” says Murphy.
But simulating optimal construction wasn’t enough. BAM also needed to monitor actual construction, and to do it across its portfolio of active projects. With its existing workflows — where teams collected building data on paper, stored on job sites in unwieldy reams of files and folders — that wasn’t practical.
“We needed a way to look across projects and see where the pain points were,” says technical development specialist Simon Tritschler, who likens the company’s manual workflows to an old, disorganised barn. “It’s like everyone just stuffed things into the barn for years and years and years; when you open it up, everything just falls out on top of you.”
The digital transformation begins by cleaning house
In pursuit of digital workflows, BAM Ireland adopted
BIM 360 — and digital housekeeping was the first step in the process. “We cleaned the barn and put things in the right place,” says Tritschler, whose team noticed several red flags upon importing projects into BIM 360, including projects with overseas addresses and documentation that needed updating and attention.
Using the Insight module in BIM 360 to access data reports and dashboards, the company discovered the problem: it wasn’t rogue international projects or documentation needing attention; rather, it was digitally averse project managers who weren’t capturing data in a structured way.
“It indicated that while we had a digital process, it wasn’t being adopted in a very efficient manner,” explains Tritschler, who says the company used this newfound visibility to drive digitisation forward by holding project managers accountable for it.
Then, where applicable, the company integrates data captured in BIM 360 with models in
Revit and
Navisworks: “This is to update the status of the construction in the model and integrate asset metadata between the model and the real world,” says Tritschler. “Transferring data in this way is seamless.”
Turning information into action
To gain the next level of project information, BAM Ireland turned to
Construction IQ, which applies machine-learning algorithms to the construction data in BIM 360 to automatically identify quality and safety risks.
Here’s how it works: site managers use iPhones and iPads to review checklists and capture jobsite issues in BIM 360. Construction IQ applies machine-learning models to automatically analyse that data and predict which issues carry the most risk.
Priority issues are surfaced on the
Insight dashboard via easy-to-understand visual alerts.
As an example, one of BAM’s projects had multiple open issues, which is typical for an ongoing project. A number of the issues, identified during quality inspections, were observations of window joints that were missing waterproofing sealant.
Construction IQ correctly classified these observations as water-penetration risk and highlighted them as high risk.
“The beauty of this system is that it looks across all our projects,” says Tritschler. “It’s learning what we consider a risk to be. The more important ones will be pushed up the list for immediate action, and the less important ones will be pushed down the list.”
Machine-learning momentum
BAM Ireland’s digital journey has spanned numerous keystone projects, each of which has built on the last in order to create an evolutionary chain of incremental progress.
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The Brewery Quarter student dormitory in Cork is an almost entirely digital project: Every checklist, issue, photograph, asset, and communication is captured digitally. Courtesy of Royal BAM Group.[/caption]
The first project, the Schools Bundle 4 PPP, was completed in 2016 and encompassed the design, construction, and continuing operation of four secondary schools across Ireland.
On the next project, the Courts Bundle PPP, BAM Ireland completed the renovation, extension, and new construction of seven county courthouses in 2018 and will handle ongoing facilities management.
Current projects include the Brewery Quarter student dormitory in Cork, finishing in August 2019; and Boland’s Quay in Dublin, a major waterfront-redevelopment project that includes a new technology-office campus and restoration of the dock’s historic buildings, scheduled for completion in late 2019.
On each successive project, progressively more people digitised increasingly deep information and assets within the
BIM 360 environment, culminating in the deployment of
Insight and Construction IQ.
“We’ve been training ourselves in digital processes,” explains Tritschler, who says tribal knowledge is an essential piece of change management.
“The teams working on the schools moved onto the courthouses, and those same people moved on to Brewery Quarter. It’s very much an agile approach; with each step, we become more mature.”
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Construction on the Boland’s Quay project in Dublin’s docklands district includes three new office and residential buildings designed to meet LEED Gold efficiency standards. Courtesy of Royal BAM Group.[/caption]
More visibility leads to better decision-making
Although it’s still early in its technological transformation, BAM Ireland is already seeing tangible benefits from digital workflows and its use of Construction IQ.
“The number of open issues has dropped way down,” says Tritschler. “The things that were going unnoticed before in the paper system can now be tracked and we can address them, so we’re closing them out.”
The company has realised a 20 per cent improvement in on-site quality and safety and a 25 per cent increase in staff time spent on high-risk issues, both of which are products of improved decision-making resulting from increased visibility into issues and risks.
“For us, health and safety are key,” adds Murphy. “If we can enable our health and safety officers to spend more time in the field continually improving safety, that’s a really important point for BAM.”
BAM’s Brewery Quarter project represents a major milestone for the company because it’s 95 per cent digital — which has made it not only more efficient but also more sustainable.
“We walk into the health and safety department on that site and instead of having a room full of shelves filled with paper, we now only have a couple of folders; we’re only filing what has to be legally kept on paper,” says Tritschler. “Everything else is digital.”
Using data across the entire project lifecycle
The benefits BAM has realised from digital workflows will be further amplified on future projects as Construction IQ continues parsing the company’s data.
Tritschler predicts that the more information its machine-learning algorithms process, the more sophisticated they’ll become, ultimately unlocking more insights and even better decisions for the company.
Eventually, data and decisions might even span the entire project lifecycle — applying AI and machine learning to maintenance data, for example, could help BAM Ireland design buildings with long-term facility management in mind — or perhaps the entire Royal BAM Group enterprise.
“Ultimately, we want to use this to standardise processes across the BAM Group so that someone going from Ireland to England to Dubai to Antarctica uses the same processes, and we want to monitor how efficient those processes are,” explains Tritschler.
“We’re going to use machine learning as a means to understand what we’re doing, how we’re doing it, and how we can do it better. That’s the dream.”
Authors: Michael Murphy, digital construction operations manager, and Simon Tritschler, technical development specialist, BAM Ireland