The fatal crash of an Air India Boeing 787-8, the first of its kind for the Dreamliner, has not only stunned the nation but also intensified global scrutiny of Boeing’s most successful wide-body jet, which has long faced quiet but persistent safety concerns.
Flight AI171, en route from Ahmedabad to London, crashed into a medical college in the city’s Meghani Nagar area shortly after take-off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International airport.
The plane was carrying 242 passengers and crew. There was one survivor.
According to Indian civil aviation minister Ram Mohan Naidu, a formal investigation has been initiated by India’s Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB), and a high-level committee is being set up to review aviation safety practices.
Warnings come full circle
The Air India crash appears to be the first fatal incident involving the Boeing 787-8, which Boeing has touted as its “bestselling widebody aircraft”. Though there is currently no official indication of mechanical failure, the spotlight is turning to previous warnings raised by Boeing engineer-turned-whistleblower Sam Salehpour.
In a formal complaint to the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 2024, Salehpour alleged that Boeing had taken manufacturing shortcuts on the 787 and 777 jets, including failure to properly fill tiny gaps during aircraft fuselage assembly.
He warned that these defects could dramatically reduce the planes’ lifespan and increase the risk of structural failure over time. Boeing denied the claims, asserting the Dreamliner’s safety and integrity.
Still, the FAA launched an investigation, and US lawmakers began holding hearings. At the time, Salehpour told reporters: “I’m doing this not because I want Boeing to fail, but because I want it to succeed and prevent crashes.”
Despite Boeing’s assurances and past scrutiny, Salehpour claimed the issue of fuselage gaps persisted. His complaint alleged that during assembly, crews often failed to properly align and bond separately manufactured parts, leaving microscopic gaps that could compromise the aircraft’s structural durability over time.
Gaps, jumps, and doubts
These gaps, he warned, not only accelerated wear but also posed the risk of catastrophic failure, especially as the aircraft aged.
What alarmed investigators further was Salehpour’s description of the methods allegedly used on the factory floor.
“I literally saw people jumping on the pieces of the airplane to get them to align. By jumping up and down, you’re deforming parts so that the holes align temporarily … and that’s not how you build an airplane,” said Salehpour.
Factory-floor shortcuts come under scrutiny
The Air India crash has once again brought these issues to the fore.
Boeing said it is in contact with the Tata Group-owned Indian airline and pledged full co-operation with the investigation.
“Our deepest condolences go out to the loved ones of the passengers and crew on board Air India Flight 171, as well as everyone affected in Ahmedabad,” the company said in a statement.
Boeing will defer to India’s AAIB to provide information about Air India Flight 171, in adherence with the United Nations International Civil Aviation Organization protocol, it added.
Shares of Boeing fell more than 7% in pre-market trading following the incident.
Past warnings resurface as Boeing faces renewed backlash
Ed Pierson, a former senior manager at Boeing who previously raised alarms about the 737 MAX, described “repeated examples of rushed work” to meet deadlines, concerns that Salehpour echoed in the context of the 787 Dreamliner.
“There have been repeated examples of rushed work, and shortcuts being taken, all in the effort to try to get the planes out the door and delivered as soon as possible so the company can make money,” Pierson said in an exclusive interview with Interesting Engineering.
The Dreamliner has faced scattered incidents globally since its introduction.
According to aviation tracker AeroInside, five technical faults – ranging from hydraulic leaks to gear malfunctions – were reported this year alone.
Air India’s own 787 fleet has had a troubled history, with 32 documented incidents between 2015 and 2024. These included cabin pressure loss, engine shutdowns, windshield cracks, and more, although none until now had resulted in fatalities.
Dreamliner’s global safety record now under the microscope
In 2013, Dreamliner fleets in Japan and the US were temporarily grounded over battery and fuel system concerns. Boeing later made manufacturing changes, and deliveries resumed.
While it remains to be seen whether these historic issues or Salehpour’s flagged concerns played any role in the AI171 tragedy, the crash renews questions about how aircraft safety is monitored and enforced.
As investigators sift through the wreckage in Ahmedabad, one thing is clear – the Dreamliner, long promoted as the future of air travel, is now at the centre of aviation’s most pressing safety reckoning.