Trinity College and St James’s Hospital Dublin (SJH) have entered into a strategic collaboration with Legend Biotech, a global biotechnology company developing, manufacturing and commercialising novel therapies.
Customised for each individual patient
Together, the entities will develop three-dimensional models exploring chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) cell therapies in solid tumours. CAR T-cell therapies are customised for each individual patient. They harness the body’s own T cells and re-engineer them in the laboratory to produce proteins on their surface called chimeric antigen receptors, or CARs.
The CARs recognise and bind to specific proteins, or antigens, on the surface of cancer cells destroying them. Currently CAR-T cell therapies show significant clinical efficacy in haematological or blood cancers and have been approved for the treatment of lymphoma, leukaemia and multiple myeloma. Solid tumours, however, have proved less vulnerable to immune detection than haematological cancers.
The research collaboration will focus on hard-to-treat cancers, including lung, colorectal and gastric. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, making up almost 25% of all cancer deaths.
Colorectal and gastric cancers are the second and fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide, respectively. These three cancers are often diagnosed at an advanced stage and can be resistant to standard treatment. The research will be led by a clinical scientist and clinician team at Trinity/SJH, including Dr Kathy Gately, Professor Jacintha O’Sullivan and Professor Maeve Lowery.
The research will be carried out at the Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, on the St James’s Hospital campus, the only clinical site in Ireland with capabilities to perform CAR-T/ stem cell transplants. The collaboration driven by Legend Biotech’s Dr Sharon O’Neill, associate director of business development and site operations Ireland, and Dr William McCormack, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, will run for 18 months.
The collaboration aims to develop 3D models that will resemble the three tumour types for use in the discovery of new treatment targets and for screening novel CAR T-cell therapies. Through the collaboration, Legend Biotech and Trinity College hope to significantly benefit their respective research programmes and improve treatment options for patients.
Dr Kathy Gately, clinical senior lecturer at Trinity College Dublin, said: "CAR-T therapies have shown prolonged remission rates in severe forms of blood cancer.
'Naturally low infiltration of T cells'
"Targeting solid tumours is more challenging due to the naturally low infiltration of T cells, and the tumour’s ability to dampen the immune response.
"The goal of this collaboration is to use 3D tumour models to advance these therapies in the treatment of solid tumours. We are delighted to be working with a global leader in CAR-T cell therapy with a base in Ireland and are excited about the potential this project has."
Dr Guowei Fang, senior vice-president of research and early development at Legend Biotech, said: "Solid tumours represent approximately 90% of all adult cancers, but the greatest improvements in treatments and prognoses are seen in liquid or blood cancers.
"This collaboration seeks to decode solid tumours, deepening the global understanding of how they behave, and direct CAR-T therapy beyond blood to the rest of the body. We look forward to embarking on this important research with our partners, Trinity College Dublin and St James’s hospital in Dublin."